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51.
Comparative effects of Shirazi thyme and vitamin E on some growth and plasma biochemical changes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) during cadmium exposure 下载免费PDF全文
Mohammad Mohiseni Maryam Sepidnameh Dara Bagheri Mahdi Banaee Behzad Nematdust Haghi 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(9):4811-4821
Phytobiotics include a large number of active components which potentially have a growth‐promoting effects and antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of Shirazi thyme and vitamin E on growth and plasma biochemical parameters of common carp exposed to cadmium. Fish (34 ± 3 g) were divided into four groups and fed four distinct diets including commercial diet without any additive (for control and metal only group) and supplemented with either 1% ground Shirazi thyme or 100 mg kg?1 vitamin E for 45 days. At the end of the feeding trial, all treatments except control group were exposed to sub‐lethal concentration of waterborne cadmium for 15 days and sampling was done on days 0, 7 and 15 after the metal exposure. According to the results, dietary inclusion of thyme prevented the harmful effects of cadmium and also improved fish growth and nutritional indices including weight gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate and condition factor. Results also revealed that Shirazi thyme was more effective than vitamin E. Similarly, no changes in the hepatosomatic, viscerosomatic and bile somatic indices were observed. Plasma enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP and LDH) and metabolites were not altered due to thyme supplementation compared to the control. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 1% ground Shiraz thyme improved the growth and health status of fish and showed better hepatorenoprotective properties than vitamin E during waterborne cadmium exposure in common carp juveniles. It might be conceivable to consider Shirazi thyme as a potential phytobiotic for incorporation in fish diet. 相似文献
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水稻均衡营养肥对杂交稻生长发育的影响及养分吸收特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了水稻均衡营养肥对杂交稻生长发育的影响及养分吸收特性,以为精准施肥及秸秆还田养分循环利用提供必要的科学参数。结果表明,水稻均衡营养肥处理的株高、总粒数、实粒数、结实率、穗质量和产量均高于常规施肥处理,稻谷中的总钾、S~(6+)和Fe~(2+)含量均高于常规施肥处理,但总磷、Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)的含量低于常规施肥处理,总氮含量则基本相同;常规施肥处理的秸秆中总氮、总钾、Mg~(2+)和S~(6+)含量均高于水稻均衡营养肥处理,总磷、Ca~(2+)和Fe~(2+)含量基本相同。均衡营养肥处理氮、磷、钾利用率分别为67.8%、60.0%和95.5%,农民常规施肥处理分别为32.3%、86.0%和100%。可见,水稻均衡营养肥能均衡的为杂交稻生长提供必需的养分,大幅度提高肥料利用率。 相似文献
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Bertrand C. Y. Collard Joseph C. Beredo Bert Lenaerts Rhulyx Mendoza Ronald Santelices Vitaliano Lopena 《Plant Production Science》2017,20(4):337-352
Rice production needs to increase in the future in order to meet increasing demands. The development of new improved and higher yielding varieties more quickly will be needed to meet this demand. However, most rice breeding programmes in the world have not changed in several decades. In this article, we revisit the evidence in favour of using rapid generation advance (RGA) as a routine breeding method. We describe preliminary activities at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) to re-establish RGA on a large scale as the main breeding method for irrigated rice breeding. We also describe experiences from the early adoption at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute. Evaluation of RGA breeding lines at IRRI for yield, flowering time and plant height indicated transgressive segregation for all traits. Some RGA lines were also higher yielding than the check varieties. The cost advantages of using RGA compared to the pedigree method were also empirically determined by performing an economic analysis. This indicated that RGA is several times more cost effective and advantages will be realized after 1 year even if facilities need to be built. Based on our experience, and previous independent research empirically testing the RGA method in rice, we recommend that this method should be implemented for routine rice breeding in order to improve breeding efficiency. 相似文献
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Batiseba Tembo Julia Sibiya Pangirayi Tongoona Rob Melis 《Journal of Crop Improvement》2017,31(5):712-726
Understanding the genetics of resistance to spot blotch disease, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem, is important to design an appropriate breeding strategy to improve the trait. The objective of this study was to determine the gene action and mode of inheritance of resistance to spot blotch in wheat. Eight genotypes with varying resistance to the disease were crossed in a full diallel mating design. Parents and their progenies were evaluated for spot blotch resistance. Data were analyzed using Hayman’s diallel analysis. The results suggested the importance of additive gene effects in controlling the resistance to spot blotch in the materials under study. No epistasis, maternal, or reciprocal effects were detected. Resistance to spot blotch exhibited partial dominance. Therefore, exercising selection for resistance in the early segregating generation should be an effective approach because of the predominance of additive gene effects. The Wr/Vr graph showed that the parents 30SAWSN5 (P3) and Coucal (P4) possessed more dominant genes, which makes them particularly suitable for inclusion in breeding for resistance to spot blotch. 相似文献
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中国工业大麻种业创新发展策略研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
工业大麻是重要的经济作物,中国是工业大麻生产和出口大国。然而,工业大麻种业发展滞后对我国工业大麻高质量发展提出严峻挑战的问题。本研究采用实地调研和文献综述的方法,分析了当前国内工业大麻种业的发展态势和存在的问题,探讨我国工业大麻种业创新发展路径。研究表明,我国工业大麻种业构建了全国行业标准和地方法律规范相结合的政策保障体系,推动了育种创新主体由公益性科研院所向企业转变,创建了以多用途为特色的育种技术体系,形成了良种区域化的种植格局和技术服务体系,奠定了该产业创新发展的基础。但缺乏国家层面或跨区域协同的工业大麻法规体系、育种繁种技术资源分散和低效率共存、面临国外种业知识产权布局先发优势挑战、商业化育种体系不完善等问题成为主要障碍。因此,提出了加快完善政策保障体系、培育多元育种体系、打造生产经营体系、构建国际合作体系,以期提升工业大麻种业创新发展能力。 相似文献
59.
本文从单倍体育种的特点和优势出发,阐述了单倍体育种技术在国内外的发展现状及其在玉米种质创新上的应用方向,提出在张掖市利用单倍体育种进行玉米种质改良的独特优势,为今后开展单倍体育种、加快玉米种质创新提供参考。 相似文献
60.
参与主体对于政策的评价是衡量政策实施效果的重要指标,探明政策参与主体满意度影响因素有助于了解主体自身需求,从而提高政策实施水平。文章基于对河北省380家生猪养殖主体调研数据,运用多元有序Logistic回归方法,分析生猪养殖主体自身政策认知以及相关政策执行力度对畜禽养殖主体废弃物资源化利用满意度的影响。结果表明:养殖主体资源化利用政策了解程度能够显著提升其资源化利用政策满意度;仅考虑养殖主体政策参与力度,随着参与力度增加,满意度亦会显著提升。但综合考虑其他因素,参与力度对于满意度提升效果则不再显著;养殖主体感知政策执行力度增加不利于政策满意度提升。此外,生猪养殖主体废弃物资源化利用政策了解程度增加,可以显著提升其报告资源化利用政策“满意”可能性。而单纯提高资源化利用政策执行力度并不能显著提高养殖主体资源化利用政策满意度。因此,要提高养殖主体政策满意度,应多渠道提升宣传力度,鼓励养殖主体积极参与,提高其参与意识,不断改善现有政策执行方式。 相似文献